Phytochemical Characterization, and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Agitated Cultures of Three Rue Species: <i>Ruta chalepensis</i>, <i>Ruta corsica</i>, and <i>Ruta graveolens</i>
The in vitro cultures of the following three species of the genus <i>Ruta</i> were investigated: <i>R. chalepensis</i>, <i>R. corsica</i>, and <i>R. graveolens</i>. The dynamics of biomass growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites in the 3-, 4-,...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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MDPI AG,
2022-03-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | The in vitro cultures of the following three species of the genus <i>Ruta</i> were investigated: <i>R. chalepensis</i>, <i>R. corsica</i>, and <i>R. graveolens</i>. The dynamics of biomass growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites in the 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-week growth cycle were analysed. The antioxidant capacity of the methanol extracts obtained from the biomass of the in vitro cultures was also assessed by different in vitro assays: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), reducing power, and Fe<sup>2+</sup> chelating activity assays. Moreover, a preliminary screening of the antimicrobial potential of the extracts was performed. The extracts were phytochemically characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which highlighted the presence of linear furanocoumarins (bergapten, isoimperatorin, isopimpinellin, psoralen, and xanthotoxin) and furoquinoline alkaloids (γ-fagarine, 7-isopentenyloxy-γ-fagarine, and skimmianine). The dominant group of compounds in all the cultures was coumarins (maximum content 1031.5 mg/100 g DW (dry weight), <i>R. chalepensis</i>, 5-week growth cycle). The results of the antioxidant tests showed that the extracts of the three species had varied antioxidant capacity: in particular, the <i>R. chalepensis</i> extract exhibited the best radical scavenging activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.665 ± 0.009 mg/mL), while the <i>R. graveolens</i> extract displayed the highest chelating property (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.671 ± 0.013 mg/mL). Finally, all the extracts showed good activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> with MIC values of 250 μg/mL for the <i>R. corsica</i> extract and 500 μg/mL for both <i>R. graveolens</i> and <i>R. chalepensis</i> extracts. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/antiox11030592 2076-3921 |