Traumatic Brain Injury and Stem Cell: Pathophysiology and Update on Recent Treatment Modalities

• Main Authors: Cesar Reis (Author), Vadim Gospodarev (Author), Haley Reis (Author), Michael Wilkinson (Author), Josileide Gaio (Author), Camila Araujo (Author), Sheng Chen (Author), John H. Zhang (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Hindawi Limited, 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex condition that presents with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms caused by an initial insult to the brain through an external mechanical force to the skull. In the United States alone, TBI accounts for more than 50,000 deaths per year and is one of the lead...