Activating transcription factor 3 is not up-regulated in hypospadias patients in Japan

• Main Authors: Toshiaki Takahashi (Author), Akihiro Shimotakahara (Author), Katsumi Miyahara (Author), Geoffrey J Lane (Author), Atsuyuki Yamataka (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Background: The aetiology of hypospadias is largely uncharacterized. Some of the researchers have advocated that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), an oestrogen-responsive transcription factor, is up-regulated in patients with hypospadias. The purpose is to evaluate the universality of this f...