Clinical Differentiation between a Normal Anus, Anterior Anus, Congenital Anal Stenosis, and Perineal Fistula: Definitions and Consequences-The ARM-Net Consortium Consensus

• Main Authors: Eva E. Amerstorfer (Author), Eberhard Schmiedeke (Author), Inbal Samuk (Author), Cornelius E. J. Sloots (Author), Iris A. L. M. van Rooij (Author), Ekkehart Jenetzky (Author), Paola Midrio (Author), ARM-Net Consortium (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

In the past, an anteriorly located anus was often misdiagnosed and treated as an anorectal malformation (ARM) with a perineal fistula (PF). The paper aims to define the criteria for a normal anus, an anterior anus (AA) as an anatomic variant, and milder types of ARM such as congenital anal stenosis...