Ginsenoside Rd promotes glutamate clearance by up-regulating glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 via PI3K/AKT and ERK 1/2 pathways

• Main Authors: Zhang eXiao (Author), shi eming (Author), Magnar eBjørås (Author), wang ewei (Author), zhang eguangyun (Author), han ejunliang (Author), liu ezhirong (Author), zhang eyunxia (Author), wang ebing (Author), chen ejing (Author), zhu eyi (Author), xiong elize (Author), Zhao eGang (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A., 2013-12-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Ginsenoside Rd (Rd), one of the main active ingredients in Panax ginseng, has been showed to protect against ischemic cerebral damage both in vitro and in vivo. However, the underlying mechanism of Rd is largely unknown. Excessive extracellular glutamate causes excitatory toxicity, leading to cell d...