Nova score for the consumption of ultra-processed foods: description and performance evaluation in Brazil

• Main Authors: Caroline dos Santos Costa (Author), Franciane Rocha de Faria (Author), Kamila Tiemann Gabe (Author), Isabela Fleury Sattamini (Author), Neha Khandpur (Author), Fernanda Helena Marrocos Leite (Author), Eurídice Martínez Steele (Author), Maria Laura da Costa Louzada (Author), Renata Bertazzi Levy (Author), Carlos Augusto Monteiro (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Universidade de São Paulo.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 1518-8787; 10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003588
• Keywords: Food Consumption; Ultra-processed Food; Diet Surveys, methods; Surveys and Questionnaires; Validation Study; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270
• Source: Revista de Saúde Pública

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the Nova score for the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and evaluate its potential in reflecting the dietary share of UPF in Brazil. METHODS This study was conducted in São Paulo with a convenience sample of 300 adults. Using a tablet, participants answered a 3-minute electronic self-report questionnaire on the consumption of 23 subgroups of UPF commonly consumed in Brazil, regarding the day prior the survey. Each participant score corresponded to the number of subgroups reported. The dietary share of UPF on the day prior to the survey, expressed as a percentage of total energy intake, was calculated based on data collected on a 30-minute complete 24-hour dietary recall administered by trained nutritionists. The association between the score and the dietary share of UPF was evaluated using linear regression models. The Pabak index was used to assess the agreement in participants' classification according to the fifths of Nova score and the fifths of dietary share of UPF. RESULTS The average dietary share of UPF increased linearly and significantly with the increase of the Nova score for the consumption of ultra-processed foods. We found a substantial agreement in participants' classification according to the fifths of the distribution of scores and the fifths of the dietary share of UPF (Pabak index = 0.67). Age was inversely associated with a relatively high frequency of UPF consumption (upper fifth of the distribution) for both score and dietary share of UPF. CONCLUSION The Nova score for the consumption of ultra-processed foods, obtained in a quick and practical manner, shows a good potential in reflecting the dietary share of UPF in Brazil.