Knowledge and experience of Kazakhstan athletes in anti-doping and the impact of past educational intervention

• Main Authors: Galiya Zhumabayeva (Author), Gulnara Kapanova (Author), Denis Vinnikov (Author), Maira Bakasheva (Author), Venera Abdulla (Author), Andrej Grjibovski (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: BMC, 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Abstract Background Although Kazakhstan National Anti-Doping Organization (KazNADO) exists since 2013, but little is yet known about anti-doping (AD) knowledge of Kazakhstan athletes. The aim of this study was to assess the AD education knowledge level and experience among Kazakhstan athletes, as we...