A Literature Review and Framework Proposal for Halitosis Assessment in Cigarette Smokers and Alternative Nicotine-Delivery Products Users

• Main Authors: Filippo Zanetti (Author), Tanja Zivkovic Semren (Author), James N. D. Battey (Author), Philippe A. Guy (Author), Nikolai V. Ivanov (Author), Angela van der Plas (Author), Julia Hoeng (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A., 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Halitosis is a health condition which counts cigarette smoking (CS) among its major risk factors. Cigarette smoke can cause an imbalance in the oral bacterial community, leading to several oral diseases and conditions, including intraoral halitosis. Although the best approach to decrease smoking-rel...