Nicotine exacerbates diabetic nephropathy through upregulation of Grem1 expression
Abstract Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Clinical reports indicate that smoking is a significant risk factor for chronic kidney disease, and the tobacco epidemic exacerbates kidney damage in patients with DN. However, the underlying molecular mechan...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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BMC,
2023-07-01T00:00:00Z.
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