Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on the Pain Intensity During Insertion of Needle in Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Study

Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on the Pain Intensity During Insertion of Needle in Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Study

Background and objectives: Needle insertion pain during spinal anesthesia is an unpleasant experience for patients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on the pain intensity during the insertion of spinal needles in patients undergoing sp...

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Main Authors: Javad AminiSaman (Author), Hasan A. Karimpour (Author), Behzad Hemmatpour (Author), Saeed Mohammadi (Author), Saeed Darvishi (Author), Rasool Kawyannejad (Author)
Format: Book
Published: Medical Association of Pharmacopuncture Institute, 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z.
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