High Abundance of Proteobacteria in Ileo-Anal Pouch Anastomosis and Increased Abundance of Fusobacteria Associated with Increased Pouch Inflammation

• Main Authors: Andreas Munk Petersen (Author), Hengameh Chloé Mirsepasi-Lauridsen (Author), Marianne K. Vester-Andersen (Author), Nikolaj Sørensen (Author), Karen Angeliki Krogfelt (Author), Flemming Bendtsen (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 10.3390/antibiotics9050237; 2079-6382
• Keywords: Proteobacteria; <i>Escherichia coli</i>; Fusobacteria; pouchitis; inflammatory bowel disease; calprotectin; Therapeutics. Pharmacology; RM1-950
• Source: Antibiotics, Vol 9, Iss 5, p 237 (2020)

Low diversity intestinal dysbiosis has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease, including patients with ulcerative colitis with an ileo-anal pouch anastomosis. Furthermore, specific <i>Escherichia coli</i> phylogroups have been linked to inflammatory bowel disease. Our aim was to characterize the differences among microbiota and <i>E. coli</i> phylogroups in active and inactive pouchitis. Disease activity was assessed using the modified pouch disease activity index and by fecal calprotectin. Microbiota diversity was assessed by 16S rDNA MiSeq sequencing. <i>E. coli</i> phylogroup was determined after triplex PCR. Twenty patients with ulcerative colitis with an ileo-anal pouch anastomosis were included, 10 of whom had active pouchitis. Ileo-anal pouch anastomosis patients had an increased abundance of Proteobacteria colonization compared to patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease and healthy controls, <i>p</i> = 1.4·10⁻⁵. No differences in <i>E. coli</i> phylogroup colonization could be determined between cases of active and inactive disease. No significant link was found between α-diversity and pouch inflammation. However, higher levels of Fusobacteria colonization were found in patients with a pouch with a fecal calprotectin level above 500, <i>p</i> = 0.02. In conclusion, patients with a pouch had an increased Proteobacteria abundance, but only Fusobacteria abundance was linked to inflammation.