Air quality and health effects of a transition to ammonia-fueled shipping in Singapore

• Main Authors: Sagar Rathod (Author), Morgan R Edwards (Author), Chaitri Roy (Author), Laura Warnecke (Author), Peter Rafaj (Author), Gregor Kiesewetter (Author), Zbigniew Klimont (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: IOP Publishing, 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Ammonia has been proposed to replace heavy fuel oil (HFO) in the shipping industry by 2050. When produced with low-carbon electricity, ammonia can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, ammonia emissions also contribute to local air pollution via the formation of secondary particulate matter. We...