The effect of hypoxia on facial shape variation and disease phenotypes in chicken embryos

• Main Authors: Francis Smith (Author), Diane Hu (Author), Nathan M. Young (Author), Alexis J. Lainoff (Author), Heather A. Jamniczky (Author), Emin Maltepe (Author), Benedikt Hallgrimsson (Author), Ralph S. Marcucio (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: The Company of Biologists, 2013-07-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

SUMMARY Craniofacial anomalies can arise from both genetic and environmental factors, including prenatal hypoxia. Recent clinical evidence correlates hypoxia to craniofacial malformations. However, the mechanisms by which hypoxia mediates these defects are not yet understood. We examined the cellula...