Phytochemical Composition and Bioactivities of Aqueous Extract of Rambutan (<i>Nephelium lappaceum</i> L. cv. Rong Rian) Peel

• Main Authors: Husanai Jantapaso (Author), Pimonsri Mittraparp-arthorn (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 10.3390/antiox11050956; 2076-3921
• Keywords: antioxidant; antibacterial; bioactive compounds; GC-MS; FT-IR; rambutan; Therapeutics. Pharmacology; RM1-950
• Source: Antioxidants, Vol 11, Iss 5, p 956 (2022)

Thailand is one of the leading exporting countries of rambutan and rambutan peels are considered as a biological waste. In this study, rambutan (<i>Nephelium lappaceum</i> L. cv. Rong Rian) peel extracts (RPE) obtained by water extraction were analyzed for their phytochemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities, and cytotoxicity. The bioactive compounds in RPE identified by GC-MS were mome inositol (35.99 mg/g), catechol (29.37 mg/g), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5.69 mg/g), 2-pentenal, (E)-(5.22 mg/g), acetic acid (3.69 mg/g), 1,2,3-propanetriol (3.67 mg/g), 2-furan-carboxaldehyde (2.66 mg/g), and other compounds. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of alcohol and phenol in the extract. Antibacterial activities of RPE against food pathogenic and spoilage bacteria showed that RPE could inhibited <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>B</i>. <i>cereus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>, <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>P. fluorescens</i>, with MIC values ranging between 1024 and 8192 µg/mL. The extract also showed antioxidant properties, as determined by DPPH and ABTS assays. The cytotoxicity analysis after 72 h of treatment showed the IC₅₀ values at 194.97 ± 4.87, 205.92 ± 2.55, and 94.11 ± 1.33 µg/mL for L929, Vero, and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. Therefore, this study provided a basis of knowledge of rambutan peels as an excellent source of natural bioactive compounds for various applications.