A Critical Review of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine as Potential Adjuvant Agents for Treating People with Cancer

• Main Authors: Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz (Author), Mona Kamal Saadeldin (Author), Ahmed Hamed Salem (Author), Safaa A. Ibrahim (Author), Samia Shouman (Author), Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim (Author), Roberto Orecchia (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have been used to treat malaria and autoimmune diseases for more than 70 years; they also have immunomodulatory and anticancer effects, which are linked to autophagy and autophagy-independent mechanisms. Herein, we review the pharmacokinetics, preclinica...