The TLR4-active morphine metabolite morphine-3-glucuronide does not elicit macrophage classical activation in vitro

• Main Authors: Samira Khabbazi (Author), Nan Xie (Author), Wenjun Pu (Author), Yannick Goumon (Author), Marie-Odile Parat (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A., 2016-11-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Macrophages are abundant in the tumor microenvironment where they adopt a pro-tumor phenotype following alternative polarization induced by paracrine factors from cancer and stromal cells. In contrast, classically activated macrophages have tumoricidal activities, such that the polarization of tumor...